Metronidazole works by interfering with the DNA of anaerobic bacteria and parasites like Giardia that live without oxygen, as well as treating certain inflammatory disorders of the intestinal tract.
Your vet may prescribe either tablets or liquid forms of medication to give with food. In case your pet cannot take commercially available tablets or the dose needed is too great, your vet may also provide compounded versions made especially for them.
Metronidazole For Cats
Antibiotic
Metronidazole has long been recognized as an effective antibiotic and antiprotozoal treatment option since its discovery in the 1950s. This medicine works by interfering with anaerobic bacteria (which don’t need oxygen for survival).
This makes metronidazole particularly helpful against stomach- and intestine-based infections like Giardia or C. diff, while it could even aid with diarrhea with no known source.
Metronidazole medication comes in capsule, tablet or liquid forms for your cat’s convenience. While generic metronidazole tablets may cause discomfort to some cats, compounding pharmacies offer flavored forms that may alleviate this.
High doses or prolonged courses of metronidazole may cause neurological effects and liver toxicity that should be monitored closely; neurological toxicity has even been known to occur occasionally in animals taking these drugs.
Antiprotozoal
Metronidazole can also help treat protozoal infections or conditions like giardia. Protozoa are single-celled organisms found within protozoa, like amoebae.
Metronidazole’s effectiveness against protozoa is thought to be achieved by inhibiting DNA synthesis. Furthermore, its use can also help alleviate inflammation within the digestive tract.
As it does not cause constipation like other antibiotics do, this makes it an attractive treatment option for feline inflammatory bowel diseases.
Metronidazole comes in pill and capsule forms; however, some cats may find its bitter taste distasteful. Your vet may be able to compound liquid form for your cat that makes taking Metronidazole easier.
In case signs of liver disease or neurologic disorders develop during treatment with Metronidazole, immediate discontinuance must occur immediately by your veterinarian.
Alternatives
Metronidazole has proven itself effective against both giardia infections and intestinal parasites such as protozoa (amoeba). It works by disrupting susceptible bacteria’s DNA while simultaneously decreasing cell-mediated immunity levels.
If your cat is suffering from diarrhea, make sure they complete all courses of medication to prevent further outbreaks. If this medication does not seem to help them, speak to their veterinarian about possible alternative treatment methods.
Metronidazole may cause adverse reactions in pets with liver and kidney issues. Furthermore, pregnant cats should avoid taking it.
What Are the Common Side Effects of Metronidazole in Cats?
Metronidazole is a medication that can cause various side effects in cats, with varying severity and frequency. Understanding these common side effects is important for cat owners to ensure the well-being of their pets.
Here are the most frequently observed side effects of metronidazole in cats:
1. Gastrointestinal Disturbances:
– Vomiting
– Diarrhea
– Loss of appetite
– Dark or bloody urine
2. Lethargy and Oral Symptoms:
– Lethargy (reduced energy levels)
– Excessive salivation, drooling, gagging, or frothing at the mouth
– Refusal to eat or decreased appetite
3. Neurological Effects:
– Lack of muscle control or coordination
– Tremors
– Seizures
– Eye twitching
– Weakness
4. Rare Side Effects:
– Inflammation in the mouth
– Inflammation of the liver
– Decreased immune system response
– Reversible DNA damage to lymphocytes
It’s worth noting that neurological effects are more likely to occur at higher doses or prolonged usage of metronidazole. However, even at lower doses, these effects can still manifest.
Additionally, rare side effects of metronidazole in cats include the potential for tumor-promoting effects in female mice and questioned carcinogenic potential in humans.
What to Do if You Notice Side Effects
If you observe any of these side effects in your cat after administering metronidazole, it is crucial to contact your veterinarian immediately. Prompt communication with your veterinarian will ensure appropriate guidance and necessary actions to address any potential issues arising from the medication.
What Is the Recommended Dosage of Metronidazole for Cats With Giardia
Determining the appropriate dosage of metronidazole for cats with giardia can be a crucial factor in their treatment. Various sources provide different recommendations on the dosage.
Let’s explore the suggested dosages and important considerations.
Study Findings
A study suggests that the recommended dose of metronidazole for cats is typically between 10 and 60 mg/kg body weight per day. However, it’s important to consult your veterinarian to determine the specific dosage suitable for your cat’s condition.
Another study proposes a dosage of 22 mg per kg of body weight, to be administered twice a day for a duration of 5 days. This dosage regimen has shown positive results in treating giardia in cats.
Expert Recommendations
A veterinary nurse advises administering metronidazole at a dosage of 25 mg/kg every 12 hours for a span of 5 days. This recommendation aligns with the goal of effectively targeting giardia infection.
Guidelines from Companion Animal Parasite Council (CAPC)
The Companion Animal Parasite Council (CAPC) recommends a metronidazole dosage of 25 mg/kg administered twice daily for 5 days to treat giardia in cats. This dosage regimen aims to combat the infection and promote recovery.
While metronidazole can be an effective treatment for giardia in cats, it’s crucial to note that doses exceeding 25 mg/kg twice daily and treatment plans lasting for 6 months or longer may lead to toxicity. Therefore, it is vital to carefully follow your veterinarian’s instructions and not exceed the recommended dosage.
How Long Does It Take for Metronidazole to Start Working in Cats
Metronidazole is a commonly prescribed medication for cats, but the time it takes for it to start working can vary depending on the specific condition being treated.
Here are some general guidelines:
Treating Diarrhea
When metronidazole is prescribed for cats with diarrhea, it is expected to improve the condition. According to PetMD, the diarrhea should start to improve after starting metronidazole. In the initial stages, it is common to see a decrease in the frequency of stools for a day or two after the diarrhea is resolved.
Managing Giardia Infections
For the treatment of giardia infections in cats, metronidazole is typically administered at a dose of 22 mg per kg of body weight, twice a day, for 5 days.
Another recommended dosage is 25 mg/kg every 12 hours for 5 days, as suggested by a veterinary nurse. Today’s Veterinary Practice suggests that metronidazole treatment for giardia in cats usually lasts between 5 to 7 days.
Treating Other Bacterial Infections
In cases of other bacterial infections, the recommended dose of metronidazole in cats can range from 10 to 60 mg per kg of body weight per day. The duration of treatment may vary depending on the severity of the infection and the response to the medication.
Important Considerations
It’s crucial to note that metronidazole is effective against anaerobic bacteria only. Therefore, it is often used in combination with other antibiotics when treating mixed-bacterial infections.
It’s also essential to avoid doses of metronidazole exceeding 25 mg/kg twice daily and treatment plans lasting six months or more, as these have been associated with potential toxicity.
In conclusion, the effectiveness of metronidazole in cats depends on the specific condition being treated. Following the prescribed dosage and duration of treatment is crucial for optimal results while avoiding potential side effects.
